解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
医学,研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
精神病学
公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract::The gene encoding yeast U6 snRNA that is transcribed by RNA polymerase III (Pol III) contains both a TATA box upstream of the transcription start site and a downstream binding site for the factor TFIIIC. This juxtaposition of elements typical of both Pol II- and Pol III-transcribed genes raises the question of how pol...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.9.7.832
更新日期:1995-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Activated Ras initiates a cascade of sequential phosphorylation events, including the protein kinases Raf, MEK, and MAP kinase. The Let-60 Ras-mediated signal transduction pathway controls vulval induction in Caenorhabditis elegans. Both Lin-45 Raf and Sur-1 MAP kinase have been determined to be essential factors duri...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.9.6.742
更新日期:1995-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::A novel 15-kDa protein, RbfA, has been identified by virtue of its ability to act as a high copy suppressor of a previously characterized dominant cold-sensitive mutation (C23U) in 16S rRNA. RbfA is found associated with free 30S ribosomal subunits, but not with 70S ribosomes or polysomes, and is essential for maximal...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.9.5.626
更新日期:1995-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The canoemisty1 (cnomis1) mutation was isolated by virtue of its severe rough eye phenotype from approximately 500 fly lines, each harboring a single autosomal insertion of a P element (Bm delta w). Excision of the P element generated a lethal, null allele, cnomis10, together with many revertants with normal eye morph...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.9.5.612
更新日期:1995-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The timing of asexual fruiting body formation during Aspergillus nidulans colony development is precisely regulated so that conidiophores are typically produced 1-2 mm behind the growing edge of the colony. Mutations in any of four A. nidulans genes, flbB, flbC, flbD, or flbE, result in colonies that are delayed at le...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.9.4.491
更新日期:1995-02-15 00:00:00
abstract::The catalytic RNA subunit (M1 RNA) of RNase P from Escherichia coli has been converted to an endoribonuclease that specifically cleaves the mRNA that encodes thymidine kinase (TK) of herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1). Covalent attachment to the 3' end of M1 RNA of a sequence complementary to TK mRNA results in very effic...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.9.4.471
更新日期:1995-02-15 00:00:00
abstract::Regulated cell expansion is an important determinant of organ shape in higher plants. The sabre mutation results in abnormal cell expansion in Arabidopsis. There is a shift in the orientation of expansion evident primarily in root cortex cells. The SABRE gene has been cloned and found to encode a novel protein. Reduct...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.9.3.330
更新日期:1995-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Diverse developmental processes, such as neuronal growth cone migration and cell shape changes, are mediated by the interactions of cells with the extracellular matrix. We describe here a secreted molecule encoded by the Drosophila masquerade (mas) gene. Total loss of mas function causes defective muscle attachment. T...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.9.2.139
更新日期:1995-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::The growth suppression function of the retinoblastoma protein (RB) is mediated by its interaction with a variety of cellular proteins. RB contains at least two protein-binding pockets: the large A/B pocket, which interacts with E2F and the D-type cyclins, and the C pocket, which interacts with the nuclear c-Abl tyrosi...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.9.1.31
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The association of proteins with the branch site region during pre-mRNA splicing was probed using a novel methodology to site-specifically modify the pre-mRNA with the photo-reagent benzophenone. Three sets of proteins were distinguished by the kinetics of their associations with pre-mRNAs, by their association with d...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.8.24.3008
更新日期:1994-12-15 00:00:00
abstract::Deregulated expression of the c-myc proto-oncogene can lead to apoptosis under certain physiological conditions. By introducing a conditionally active Myc allele into primary embryo fibroblasts null for p53, and into fibroblasts without endogenous p53 expression but ectopically expressing a temperature-sensitive p53 a...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.8.23.2817
更新日期:1994-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::To identify regions of the largest subunit of RNA polymerase that are potentially involved in transcript elongation and termination, we have characterized amino acid substitutions in the beta' subunit of Escherichia coli RNA polymerase that alter expression of reporter genes preceded by terminators in vivo. Terminatio...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.8.23.2913
更新日期:1994-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sensory organ formation in Drosophila is activated by proneural genes that encode basic-helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors. These genes are antagonized by hairy and other proline-bHLH proteins. hairy has not been shown to bind to DNA and has been proposed to form inactive heterodimers with proneural activat...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.8.22.2743
更新日期:1994-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::RNase MRP is a ribonucleoprotein endoribonuclease that has been shown to cleave mitochondrial primer RNA sequences from a variety of sources. Most of the RNase MRP activity is found in the nucleus where it plays a role in the processing of 5.8S rRNA. A temperature-conditional point mutation in the yeast RNA component ...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.8.21.2617
更新日期:1994-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Expression of HNF-4, a transcription factor in the steroid hormone receptor superfamily, is detected only in the visceral endoderm of mouse embryos during gastrulation and is expressed in certain embryonic tissues from 8.5 days of gestation. To examine the role of HNF-4 during embryonic development, we disrupted the g...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.8.20.2466
更新日期:1994-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::Human TFIIA activity is composed of three subunits (alpha, beta, gamma). Here we report the isolation of a human cDNA clone encoding the gamma-subunit and the reconstitution of TFIIA activity from recombinant polypeptides (holo-TFIIA). Protein-protein interaction analysis established that the beta and gamma subunits o...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.8.19.2336
更新日期:1994-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In murine plasmacytoma and human Burkitt's lymphoma cells, one allele of c-myc is translocated into one of the immunoglobulin loci, resulting in a characteristic pattern of deregulated c-myc transcription. Translocation events between c-myc and the IgH locus segregate c-myc and the IgH intron enhancer to different rec...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.8.18.2212
更新日期:1994-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::Pseudoplasmodia of developing Dictyostelium are organized with anteroposterior polarity. We have isolated CAR4, the gene for a new cell-surface, G protein-linked cAMP receptor. CAR4 mRNA is initially expressed during tip elongation and continues to accumulate into culmination. CAR4 is maximally expressed in pseudoplas...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.8.17.2086
更新日期:1994-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using an in vitro system in which a 5' splice site (5'SS) RNA oligo (AAG decreases GUAAGUAdT) is capable of inducing formation of U2/U4/U5/U6 snRNP complex we show that this oligo specifically binds to U4/U5/U6 snRNP and cross-links to U6 snRNA in the absence of U2 snRNP. Moreover, 5'SS RNA oligo bound to U4/U5/U6 snR...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.8.16.1962
更新日期:1994-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::Transcriptional repressors play a key role in establishing localized patterns of gene expression in the early Drosophila embryo. Several different modes of repression have been implicated in previous studies, including competition and direct interference with the transcription complex. Here, we present evidence for "q...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.8.15.1829
更新日期:1994-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Drosophila proteins Transformer (Tra) and Transformer2 (Tra2) regulate the sex-specific alternative splicing of Drosophila doublesex (dsx) pre-mRNA by specifically binding to a splicing enhancer (dsx repeat element; dsxRE) located 300 nucleotides (nt) downstream from a female-specific 3' splice site. In this paper...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.8.14.1703
更新日期:1994-07-15 00:00:00
abstract::The alternatively spliced exon EIIIB is regulated in a cell type-specific manner in the rat fibronectin gene. Splicing of EIIIB into fibronectin mRNA is dependent on sequences in the intron immediately downstream of EIIIB. We show that a short, highly repeated TGCATG motif in this intron is important for cell type-spe...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.8.13.1561
更新日期:1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Repression of a-cell specific gene expression in yeast alpha cells requires MAT alpha 2 and MCM1, as well as two global repressors, SSN6 and TUP1. Previous studies demonstrated that nucleosomes positioned adjacent to the alpha 2/MCM1 operator in alpha cells directly contribute to repression. To investigate the possibi...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.8.12.1400
更新日期:1994-06-15 00:00:00
abstract::Cell growth and differentiation are usually antagonistic. Proteins of the basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) family bind DNA and play important roles in the differentiation of specific cell types. Id proteins heterodimerize with bHLH transcription factors, blocking their activation of lineage-specific gene expression and t...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.8.11.1270
更新日期:1994-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::A transgenic mouse model for retinoblastoma was produced previously by directing SV40 T antigen expression to retinal photoreceptor cells using the promoter of the interstitial retinol-binding protein (IRBP) gene. This gene becomes active prior to the terminal differentiation of photoreceptors. Because T antigen-trans...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.8.11.1300
更新日期:1994-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The incorporation of histone H1 into chromatin during embryogenesis directs the specific repression of the Xenopus oocyte 5S rRNA genes. An increase in histone H1 content specifically restricts TFIIIA-activated transcription, and a decrease in histone H1 within chromatin facilitates the activation of the oocyte 5S rRN...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.8.10.1147
更新日期:1994-05-15 00:00:00
abstract::In the cytoplasm of oocytes and early embryos, addition of poly(A) to mRNAs can activate their translation. We demonstrate that despite many differences between poly(A) addition in the cytoplasm and nucleus, these two forms of polyadenylation may involve identical trans-acting factors. Nuclear polyadenylation requires...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.8.9.1106
更新日期:1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Natural scrapie has been viewed both as a recessive trait and as a contagious disease modulated by a host locus. To address this conundrum, we determined the structure of the sheep prion protein (PrP) gene, which contains three exons and extends over 20 kb of DNA. In the United States 86.4% of scrapie cases occur in S...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.8.8.959
更新日期:1994-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::A core promoter element called an initiator (Inr) overlaps the transcription start site of numerous mammalian protein-coding genes. In promoters that lack a TATA box, the Inr is functionally analogous to TATA, in that it is capable of directing basal transcription by RNA polymerase II and of determining the precise si...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.8.7.821
更新日期:1994-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dosage compensation in Drosophila occurs by a twofold increase in transcription per copy of X-linked genes in males (XY) compared with females (XX). msl-1 is one of four genes that are essential for dosage compensation in males, and MSL-1 protein is associated specifically with the male X chromosome. To explore the ba...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.8.6.698
更新日期:1994-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::Irradiation in the G1 phase of the cell cycle delays the onset of DNA synthesis and transiently inhibits the activation of replication origins in mammalian cells. It has been suggested that this inhibition is the result of the loss of torsional tension in the DNA after it has been damaged. Because irradiation causes D...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.8.5.554
更新日期:1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The agouti gene regulates the differential production of eumelanin (black or brown) and phaeomelanin (yellow) pigment granules by melanocytes in the hair follicles of mice. The original nonagouti (a) allele, which confers a predominantly black coat color, has been shown to revert to two other more dominant agouti alle...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.8.4.481
更新日期:1994-02-15 00:00:00
abstract::In vivo experiments have demonstrated that the ribosomal protein L32 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae brings about the inhibition of splicing of the transcript of its own gene through an RNA structure comprised largely of the first exon. We now show that L32, itself, binds specifically to this RNA. Splicing of the RPL32 tr...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.8.2.211
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::During development of the somatic macronucleus of Tetrahymena thermophila, the rDNA is excised from its germ-line chromosome, rearranged into a palindrome, and amplified to 10(4) copies. We have identified a cis-acting germ-line mutation, rmm11/6, that prevents amplification of the rDNA in all but approximately 1 in 1...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.8.1.84
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::To investigate functional differences between RNA polymerases IIA and IIO (Pol IIA and Pol IIO), with hypo- and hyperphosphorylated carboxy-terminal repeat domains (CTDs), respectively, we have visualized the in vivo distributions of the differentially phosphorylated forms of Pol II on Drosophila polytene chromosomes....
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.7.12a.2329
更新日期:1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The myogenic regulatory factor MyoD dimerizes with other positive and negative regulatory factors through a conserved region called the helix-loop-helix (HLH) domain. Using a non-DNA-binding MyoD mutant with a normal HLH domain as a dimerization competitor in gel mobility shift assays in conjunction with various MyoD ...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.7.12a.2456
更新日期:1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have investigated the DNA-binding, oligomerization, and trans-activation functions of isolated segments of murine p53. We find that p53 has two autonomous DNA-binding regions. One domain, from amino acid 280 to 390, forms stable tetramers and binds DNA nonspecifically. The biological significance, if any, of this D...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.7.12b.2575
更新日期:1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Numerous lines of study have suggested that the Hox genes, encoding putative transcription factors, are key genes in the establishment of the body plan of the mammalian embryo. To examine the role of Hoxa-5 (Hox1.3) gene during development, we have used targeted mutagenesis in embryonic stem cells to produce a strain ...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.7.11.2085
更新日期:1993-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::During embryonic development, the two Caenorhabditis elegans HSN motor neurons migrate from their birthplace in the tail to positions near the middle of the embryo. Here, we demonstrate that of all cells that undergo long-range migrations, only the HSNs are affected in animals that lack function of the egl-43 gene. We...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.7.11.2097
更新日期:1993-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Transcription factor IIA has been shown to interact with the TATA-binding protein and to act early during preinitiation complex formation. The human factor is composed of three subunits (alpha, beta, gamma). A human cDNA clone encoding the largest subunit of TFIIA (alpha) was isolated. The recombinant alpha polypeptid...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.7.11.2246
更新日期:1993-11-01 00:00:00